Forest School originated in Scandinavia, where outdoor learning has been a fundamental part of early childhood education since the mid-20th century. The concept was inspired by the idea that children learn best through hands-on experiences in nature, and that spending time outdoors fosters resilience, independence, and a deep connection with the environment.
Denmark is often credited as the birthplace of Forest School, where the approach gained popularity in the 1950s as part of the "friluftsliv" philosophy, which emphasizes outdoor life and experiential learning.
In the 1990s, the Forest School model was introduced to the UK and has since spread worldwide, inspiring programs that combine child-led exploration, practical skills, and environmental education.
Today, Forest School continues to evolve, providing children with meaningful, nature-based experiences that nurture their physical, emotional, and intellectual development.
6 Principles of Forest School
In 2011 the Forest School Association was created and the six principles for good practice were established in the UK. These principles make up the framework of what it means to be a Forest School today.
1
Forest School is a long-term process of frequent and regular sessions in a woodland or natural environment, rather than a one-off visit. Planning, adaptation, observations and reviewing are integral elements of Forest School.
2
Forest School takes place in a woodland or natural wooded environment to support the development of a relationship between the learner and the natural world.
3
Forest School aims to promote the holistic development of all those involved, fostering resilient, confident, independent and creative learners.
4
Forest School offers learners the opportunity to take supported risks appropriate to the environment and to themselves.
5
Forest School is run by qualified Forest School practitioners who continuously maintain and develop their professional practice.
6
Forest School uses a range of learner-centered processes to create a community for development and learning.
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